Misty Mountain Hop

29-31 July
Mount Kinabalu National Park is Malaysia’s first World Heritage site and is known for its high plant diversity. The misty cloud forests of this mountainous region high in the state of Sabah are a reprieve from the sweltering heat of the lowland jungle. The main attraction here is Mount Kinabalu itself, a granitic giant towering 4095 meters high over the island of Borneo. Most come to climb the mountain – a feat that takes somewhere between 2 hours and 40 minutes if you were the winner of this year’s “great race” to the top of the mountain or two days if you prefer a more reasonable pace.

Nick and I came here for the plants, not the mountain. We spent two days exploring its mossy trails searching for miniature blooming orchids and still elusive pitcher plants. We waxed botanical and dreamed up cross-breeds of the begonias we encountered. This botanical paradise was only interrupted by steep climbs, the threat of a torrential downpour, and a leech or two. We were awestruck to happen across the fuzziest caterpillars we have ever seen and a black centipede outlined in red (check out the photo!) We were especially happy to finally recognize a few genera and were very pleased to find a number of plants in full bloom!

Tomorrow we continue our tour of Borneo’s national parks and move on to Gunung Mulu National Park. There we will fulfill a Planet Earth driven desire to watch as millions of bats depart from the parks many caves! We can only hope that it is as inspiring without Sigourney Weaver to narrate!

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Up and Down the Kinabatangan River, Borneo

26-July - 29-July 2010

Four days ago we set out on boat along the mighty Kinabatangan River. The river is the color of chocolate milk, fed by runoff from the daily rains. Its banks are covered in lush forests with the eyes of numerous creatures big and small peering out at visitors as they motor past. However the forests along the Kinabatangan are a battleground where Malaysia’s growing economy and the rainforest are in constant conflict. From our narrow perspective the dark side seems to have the upper hand. In many places the rainforest is a mere strip of trees no more than 50 feet wide lining the river bank, in others the palm oil plantations (take a tour of your cupboard and I bet you can find plenty of palm oil in ingredients lists) have advanced straight to the river’s edge, and in others the trunks of large trees are stacked waiting for the logging boat to take them to market. In far too few places the forest has been untouched and remains in large continuous swathes. That said, the Kinabatangan is a magical place and the four days we spent at Uncle Tan’s jungle camp is sure to be one of the highlights of our trip.

Shortly after embarking on our trip up the river we came across a large troop of long-tailed macaques – the “cheeky monkey”-- lounging on a sand bar and cavorting in the trees. Over the course of the next few days sightings of these playful creatures would become so frequent that they would almost go unnoticed. Nearly everyone who visits the Kinabatangan hopes to catch a glimpse of a wild orangutan. At one time orangutans were abundant on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra, but now they are rare and endangered. Luck was on our side as our boat diver and cheerful guide swerved rapidly and put the brakes on the outboard motor, “Orangutan!” With our hearts in our throats we watched as three (2 adults and one baby) of these great apes moved through the canopy of a nearby tree. Spectacular!

Nearing sundown we made our way to Uncle Tan’s. The jungle camp is far from luxurious (just mattresses on the floor of wooden huts covered by mosquito nets, no running water, limited electricity-you get the picture) but it is very comfortable. The food was excellent and the camp staff was superb. In fact, the folks working in the camp must be some of the happiest people on earth. Each day we were greeted with smiles, friendliness, morning soccer (on a small sand field) and volleyball games, endless song and guitar music, and, at night, a big pail of “monkey juice” passed around to add to the merriment. These guys love the jungle and love to have a good time!

During our stay we participated in 7 boat safaris, and 3 jungle walks, which took place day and night. Sightings ranged from the fleeting glance of proboscis monkeys (a rare, Borneo endemic) leaping through the trees at sundown to a techni-colored kingfisher perched mere inches from us on a branch during our night walks (which our guide teased was a plastic bird he had placed there hours before) to countless flyovers by beautiful and charismatic oriental pied hornbills. The haunting calls of the Borneo gibbons (another primate) and their amazing speed as they swung from tree to tree will be unforgettable. The highlights of the trip occurred bright and early during the 6:30am river safaris on days three and four. On both days we had the great fortune to watch a single female orangutan feeding on fig fruit in a tree above us no more 20-30 feet away. The experience of watching these close human relatives in the wild was surreal (our DNA varies by only about 3%). All in all, we saw 6 primate species, numerous birds, lizards, frogs, crocodiles, and countless insects (see below for the complete list) during our trip.

Sitting here gazing at the mist shrouded foothills of Mt. Kinabalu we already miss the Kinabatangan. The lowland forest of Borneo, home to orangutans and countless other creatures, is an enchanting place that literally breathes biodiversity. As botanists, conservationists and lovers of nature, this habitat will hold a special place in our hearts. The Kinabatangan exists at a crossroads. Only time will tell what the future holds for Borneo’s orangutans, proboscis monkeys and gibbons.

A Partial List of What We Saw

Mammals

Borneo gibbon (seen 3 times)

Flying squirrel

Orangutan (seen 4 times, 6 individuals)

Palm civet

Pig-tailed macaque

Plant pygmy squirrel

Proboscis monkey

Long-tailed macaque

Silver leaf monkey

Birds (not an exhaustive list-we are, by no means, birders)

Bee-eaters

Black-backed kingfisher

Black and red broadbill

Blue-eared kingfisher

Crested serpent eagle

Little pied flycatcher

Oriental pied hornbill

Owls

Red fish eagle

Stork-billed kingfisher

White-bellied fish eagle

Reptiles and Amphibians

Comb-crested agamid lizard

Grass frog

Frogs (at least 4 other species)

Monitor lizard

Other lizards and skinks

Saltwater crocodile

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Welcome to Borneo

25 July 2010
After an early morning flight we arrived in Sandakan, on the island of Borneo in the Malaysian state of Sabah. We quickly made our way to Sepilok, home to one of four orangutan rehabilitation centers in the world and the starting point of tomorrow's trip up the Sungai (River) Kinabatangan (try saying that 3 times in a row). This marks the start of 3+ weeks exploring Borneo- the third largest island in the world, a haven of biodiversity, and a place where the battle between conservation and economic development is waged on a daily basis.

After settling in to Uncle Tan's, our base for the night, we set out on foot for a visit to the Rainforest Discovery Center. The Center is home to a beautiful botanical garden, several miles of trails, canopy walkways and bird observation towers. Walking on the trails amidst butterflies and scurrying lizards we arrived at the Hornbill Observation Tower. Hornbills are large forest birds with large bills, which are symbols of the islands faunal diversity. As we climbed the observation tower, perched well over 100 feet high into the tree canopy we tried to ignore the distant thunder and darkening clouds on the near horizon (it wouldn't pour on us our first day in Borneo, would it?). After minute or two at the top, we could not ignore the approaching storm. We watched as a strong persistent wind suddenly appeared and the thunder took on a more ominous tone. Just then we notices hundreds of brown "helicopters" aloft emanating from the dipterocarp trees, which dominate the forest canopy. The seeds of these trees are perfectly suited for wind dispersal and took flight beautifully in the stiff wind. Fearing the worse we hightailed it back in the direction of the Center's headquarters-hoping for a weather miracle. About half of the way back we were caught in the storm, but we were serendipitously close to a nearby shelter-yes! There, in the shelter, we spent the next hour or so-waiting out the storm. If you have ever experienced a hard tropical rain you know that rain gear is no match (you would just sweat inside it anyway) and umbrellas offer little real protection. If it weren't for the shelter we would have been drenched to the bone an hour away from home in mere seconds.

As the storm began to pass and the thunder faded into the distance we made our way back to our guesthouse. About half of the way back we noticed three large bird silhouettes in a dead tree not to far in the distance. Upon closer inspection and after viewing their shape in flight their identification was unmistakable. Hornbills!

And, so starts the Borneo portion of our adventure. Tomorrow we visit the Sepilok Orangutan Rehabilitation Center to learn about the resident great apes and the efforts to conserve them. In the afternoon we head out for 3 nights on the Kinabatangan River, where we hope to see orangutans and much more in the the wilds of Borneo.

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